DISINFECTION
pp. 5-14
DOI: 10.35411/2076-457X-2023-2-5-14
Evaluation of nanoparticles as promising alternative antimicrobials
O.O. Zherebyateva1, L.M. Aznabaeva1, O.I. Bolshakova2, V.T. Lebedev2, S.V. Sarantseva2, D.G. Ukubaeva1, A.Yu. Mironov3, E.A. Mikhailova1, A.S. Pankov1
1Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Orenburg State Medical University" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation: 6 Sovetskaya st., Orenburg, 460014, Russian Federation;
2Federal State Budgetary Institution “Petersburg Institute of Nuclear Physics named after B.P. Konstantinov National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute": 1 md. Orlova Grove, Gatchina, Leningrad region, 188300, Russian Federation;
3Federal State Budgetary Institution Moscow Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology named after G.N. Gabrichevsky Rospotrebnadzor: 10 Admiral Makarov st., Moscow, 125212, Russian Federation.
The search for new substances capable of inhibiting the growth of microorganisms is relevant. Therefore, an assessment was made of the effect of carbon nanoparticles on the growth and biofilm formation of microbial isolates from the surfaces of anthropogenic environmental objects. It has been established that carbon nanoparticles on the C60 + PVP + AC960 diamond platform are able to suppress the growth, reproduction and ability to biofilm formation of gram-positive and gram-negative prokaryotes, as well as fungi of the genus Candida and Aspergillus. Under the influence of C60+AC960 fullerenes, the biofilm-generation ability of Staphylococcus epidermidis, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans was significantly inhibited. These data provide a basis for further study of these compounds as a promising antimicrobial agent.
Keywords: Antimicrobial action, carbon nanoparticles, biofilm formation, fullerenes, nanodiamonds.
Authors
Zherebyateva Olga Olegovna – Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Microbiology, Virology, Immunology of the OrSMU; Tel.: (3532) 50-06-06 (ext. 205), e-mail: Адрес электронной почты защищен от спам-ботов. Для просмотра адреса в вашем браузере должен быть включен Javascript.. ORCID ID: 0000-0002-6751-3519
Aznabaeva Liliya Midekhatevna – Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Microbiology, Virology, Immunology of the OrSMU. ORCID ID: 0000-0003-4028-5920
Bolshakova Olga Igorevna – Ph.D., Art. scientific member of the St. Petersburg Institute of Nuclear Physics. B.P. Konstantinov NRC "Kurchatov Institute". ORCID ID: 0000-0003-3761-3014
Sarantseva Svetlana Vladimirovna – Doctor of Biological Sciences, Deputy director for scientific work of the St. Petersburg Institute of Nuclear Physics. B.P. Konstantinov NRC "Kurchatov Institute". ORCID ID: 0000-0002-3943-7504
Lebedev Vasily Timofeevich – Doctor of Physics and Mathematics, Head. Laboratory of the St. Petersburg Institute of Nuclear Physics. B.P. Konstantinov NRC "Kurchatov Institute". ORCID ID: 0000-0003-4894-0862
Ukubaeva Diana Galimovna – Art. Lecturer in the Department of Microbiology, Virology, Immunology of the OrSMU. ORCID ID: 0000-0002-1613-0614
Mironov Andrey Yuryevich – Doctor of Medical Sciences, Head of the Microbiological Department of the Moscow Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology named after G.N. Gabrichevsky. ORCID ID: 0000-0002-8544-5230
Mikhailova Elena Alekseevna – Doctor of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor, Head. Department of Microbiology, Virology, Immunology of the OrSMU. ORCID ID: 0000-0003-1074-8963
Pankov Alexander Sergeevich – Doctor of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases of the OrSMU. ORCID ID: 0000-0003-4994-6633.
pp. 14-22
DOI: 10.35411/2076-457X-2023-2-14-22
Use of automatic steam sterilizer for disinfection of immunobiological waste contaminated with pathogenic biological agents
A.D. Belousov, M.V. Antonycheva, O.A. Volokh, E.G. Abramova, M.V. Gordeeva, M.M. Chalbushev, A.K. Nikiforov
Federal State Scientific Institution Russian Anti-Plague Institute "Microbe" of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumers Rights Protection and Human Well-being: 46 Universitetskaya st., Saratov, 410005, Russian Federation
One of the ways to neutralize immunobiological production waste is their treatment in sterilizers with saturated water vapor under pressure. Currently, medical and pharmaceutical industries and laboratories use sterilizers with sterilization and disinfection programs preset by manufacturers. Decontamination modes are defined in Federal sanitary rules, norms and hygienic standards, SanPiN 3.3686-21, while the parameters of preliminary phases of the cycle must be tested experimentally and validated for specific conditions. Within the frames of this study, we have tested the modes of disinfection of an automatic steam sterilizer by the example of waste products from the production of cholera vaccine and anti-rabies immunoglobulin manufactured by the FSSI Russian Anti-Plague Institute "Microbe" of the Rospotrebnadzor. The wastes are used nutrient media, carcasses of laboratory animals (rabbits) and consumables. The chamber was loaded with "clean" objects in quantity and configuration, repeating the loading of material with pathogenic biological agents (PBA). The mode of inactivation inside the chamber and the objects was controlled by physical, chemical and biological methods. Based on the results of the experiments, corrective actions were taken to change the program and design of containers for autoclaving. It was concluded that the default disinfection programs set by manufacturers do not fully take into account specific conditions and need to be adjusted with further validation. It is necessary to develop standard operating procedures for personnel involved in the decontamination of pathogenic materials, in which should be stated the order of placement of objects and the means of control in the containers with PBA and the sterilizer chamber.
Keywords: steam sterilizers, pathogenic biological agents, disinfection with saturated water vapor, phases of the steam disinfection cycle, validation.
Authors
Belousov Aleksey Dmitrievich – Candidate of Biological Sciences, Research officer at the Department of Nutrient Media, FSSI "Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute "Microbe" of the Rospotrebnadzor; Tel.: (962) 617-81-71, e-mail: Адрес электронной почты защищен от спам-ботов. Для просмотра адреса в вашем браузере должен быть включен Javascript.. ORCID ID: 0000-0002-1827-4881
Antonycheva Marina Vladimirovna – Candidate of Medical Sciences, Leading Research officer at the Department of Nutrient Media, FSSI "Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute "Microbe" of the Rospotrebnadzor. ORCID ID: 0009-0009-7631-8561
Volokh Oksana Aleksandrovna – Candidate of Biological Sciences, Head of the Department of Preventive Medications, FSSI "Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute "Microbe" of the Rospotrebnadzor. ORCID ID: 0000-0002-3044-971X
Abramova Elena Gennadievna – Doctor of Biological Sciences, Chief Research officer at the Laboratory of Preventive Immunoglobulins, FSSI "Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute "Microbe" of the Rospotrebnadzor. ORCID ID: 0000-0002-8798-1547
Gordeeva Marina Vyacheslavovna – Candidate of Medical Sciences, Leading Research officer at the Biological Safety Department, FSSI "Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute "Microbe" of the Rospotrebnadzor. ORCID ID: 0000-0003-3726-810X
Chalbushev Mikhail Mikhailovich – Junior Research officer at the Department of Nutrient Media, FSSI "Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute "Microbe" of the Rospotrebnadzor. ORCID ID: 0009-0009-8230-0608
Nikiforov Aleksey Konstantinovich – Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor, Deputy Director for Experimental and Production Work, FSSI "Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute "Microbe" of the Rospotrebnadzor. ORCID ID: 0000-0002-1130-3504
pp. 22-29
DOI: 10.35411/2076-457X-2023-2-22-29
On the possibility of using cationic surfactants to impart antimicrobial properties to textile materials
A.S. Zvereva1, S.V. Andreev1, A.D. Kritskaya2, A.A. Serov1, S.A. Zverev1, K.A. Sakharov3, V.A. Novikov1, V.A. Vinokurov2
1Institute of Disinfectology of the Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman of Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing: 18 Nauchny proezd, Moscow, 117246, Russian Federation;
2Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas (NRU): 65 Leninsky Prospekt, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation;
3School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University (NTU): 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Republic of Singapore.
The COVID-19 pandemic has demonstrated the need for improved measures to prevent infectious diseases. Combating pathogens once they have been released into the environment is complicated by their widespread distribution. It is necessary to prevent the contamination of environmental objects. One possible way to do this is to create materials that have antimicrobial action without exposure to disinfectants and thus begin to have an antimicrobial effect on microorganisms immediately upon contact. Textile materials are widely used in medical organizations and are one of the factors of pathogenic microflora spreading. In this work, the possibility of using substances from the group of cationic surfactants to impart antimicrobial properties to textile materials was considered. Substances from different classes were used – tertiary amines, quaternary ammonium compounds, polymeric guanidine derivatives. The substances were applied from aqueous solutions using a laboratory analogue of a drying and a shirring machine. An acrylate binder with thermal initiation of polymerization was used to fix the active substances to the tissues. The content of the active substances in the tissues after application was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. Antimicrobial activity of the obtained materials was checked by the agar plate method and the area of the growth retardation zone was estimated. Tissues containing N,N-bis(3-aminopropyl)dodecylamine showed the highest activity, tissues with poly (2-hydroxypropyl dimethylammonium) chloride the lowest.
Keywords: antimicrobial materials, antimicrobial textile, HAI, cationic surfactants.
Authors
Anastasia S. Zvereva – junior researcher, department of chemistry, Institute of Disinfectology of the Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman of Rospotrebnadzor; Tel.: (495) 332-01-83, e-mail: Адрес электронной почты защищен от спам-ботов. Для просмотра адреса в вашем браузере должен быть включен Javascript.. ORCID ID: 0000-0002-1919-2810
Sergey V. Andreev – PhD in chemistry, leading researcher, head of chemical department, Institute of Disinfectology of the Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. ErismanH of Rospotrebnadzor. ORCID ID: 0000-0003-2405-9931
Alexandra D. Kritskaya – student of Department of Physical Chemistry, Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas (NRU)
Alexey A. Serov – researcher, department of disinfection and sterilization, Institute of Disinfectology of the Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman of Rospotrebnadzor. ORCID ID: 0000-0002-3094-9992
Sergey A. Zverev – junior researcher, department of chemistry, Institute of Disinfectology of the Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erismanof Rospotrebnadzor. ORCID ID: 0000-0002-3232-9332
Konstantin A. Sakharov – PhD in chemistry, researcher, 3School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University (NTU, Singapore). ORCID ID: 0000-0002-3247-5743
Vyacheslav A. Novikov – junior researcher, department of disinfection and sterilization, Institute of Disinfectology of the Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman of Rospotrebnadzor. ORCID ID: 0000-0001-8858-5872
Vladimir A. Vinokurov – doctor of science in chemistry, professor, head of Department of Physical Chemistry, Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas (NRU). ORCID ID: 0000-0002-0570-6577
pp. 30-36
DOI: 10.35411/2076-457X-2023-2-30-36
What remains behind the scenes when choosing a skin antiseptic
A.I. Lokotkova1, E.H. Mamkeev2, O.A. Nazarova3, N.E. Koguashvili3
1Kazan State Medical University: 49 Butlerova str., Kazan, 420012, Russian Federation;
2Kazan State Medical Academy – Branch Campus of Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education: 36, Butlerova str., Kazan, 420012, Russian Federation;
3Republican clinical hospital Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tatarstan: 138 Orenburgskiy tr., Kazan, 420064, Russian Federation.
Disinfection of the hands of medical personnel at the present stage is one of the leading measures in the prevention of infections associated with the provision of medical care (HCAI). Regulatory documents regulate the use of alcohol antiseptics. When choosing skin antiseptics, it is necessary to arm yourself with a number of criteria to minimize the risk of transmission of HCAI by contact and household contact, as well as to avoid negative effects on the skin of the hands of medical personnel. The paper presents an analysis and selection of criteria when choosing a skin antiseptic for hygienic hand treatment, based on regulatory documents and the results of randomized trials. The main selection criteria are identified: the type of alcohol and its concentration (by weight) depending on the type of pathogen, the amount of antiseptic for one treatment, the duration of exposure and the presence of additional components and substances.
Keywords: hand hygiene, alcohol-based handrubs (ABHR), persistent activity, Ethanol, 1-propanol and 2-propanol, non-enveloped viruses.
Authors
Lokotkova Alla Il’inichna – PhD (Medicine), Associate Professor at the Department of Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Medicine Kazan State Medical University; Tel. (843) 236-68-92, e-mail Адрес электронной почты защищен от спам-ботов. Для просмотра адреса в вашем браузере должен быть включен Javascript.. ORCID ID: 0000-0003-4482-6050
Mamkeev El’dar Khamzyaevich – PhD (Medicine), Associate Professor at the Department of Epidemiology and disinfectology Kazan State Medical Academy – Branch Campus of Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education. ORCID ID: 0000-0002-3781-8629
Nazarova Olga Aleksandrovna – PhD (Medicine), Associate Professor at the Department of Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Medicine Kazan State Medical University. ORCID ID: 0000-0001-9655-9316
Koguashvili Naziko Elgudzhaevna – Нead of the epidemiological department Republican clinical hospital Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tatarstan. ORCID ID: 0009-0001-1293-7226
DISINSECTION
pp. 37-44
DOI: 10.35411/2076-457X-2023-2-37-44
Study on the efficacy of fipronil-based food baits for multiresistant german cockroach
O.Yu. Eremina, V.V. Olifer, K.S. Krivonos
Institute of Disinfectology of the Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman of Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing: 18 Nauchny proezd, Moscow, 117246, Russian Federation.
Insecticide food baits based on fipronil are widely represented in Russia. The effectiveness of six food baits containing fipronil and its mixtures with other active ingredients was evaluated against four laboratory strains of the German cockroach – insecticide-susceptible S-NIID and multi-resistant MAG, CR, and DM. A slowdown in the manifestation of symptoms of poisoning in cockroaches of resistant strains was revealed. The resistance indices calculated by LT50 and LT95 values were high: 5–12× for males and 3–13× for females, and 10–>21× for males and >14× for females, respectively. By day 21, 10 % of the DM males and 15–85 % of the females of all three resistant strains survived.
Keywords: fipronil, German cockroach, resistance, food baits, phenylpyrazoles.
Authors
Eremina Olga Yurevna – Doctor of Science in Biology; Leading Researcher of the Division of disinsection of the Institute of Disinfectology of the Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman; Tel.: (495) 332-01-51, e-mail: Адрес электронной почты защищен от спам-ботов. Для просмотра адреса в вашем браузере должен быть включен Javascript.. ORCID ID: 0000-0002-8268-2230
Olifer Veronika Valentinovna – Candidate of Science in Biology; Leading Researcher of the Division of disinsection of the Institute of Disinfectology of the Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman. ORCID ID: 0000-0002-4736-7905
Krivonos Kseniya Sergeevna – Candidate of Science in Biology; Senior Research Associate of the Division of disinsection of the Institute of Disinfectology of the Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman. ORCID ID: 0000-0003-4633-6645
pp. 44-53
DOI: 10.35411/2076-457X-2023-2-44-53
Prospects for use of entomopathogenic fungi for the biocontrol of ixodid ticks (Ixodida: Ixodidae)
K.S. Krivonos, O.Yu. Eremina, V.V. Olifer
Institute of Disinfectology of the Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman of Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing: 18 Nauchny proezd, Moscow, 117246, Russian Federation.
Data from 47 sources of scientific literature on the prospects for the use of biopesticides based on Metarhizium anisopliae, Beauveria bassiana and others species of entomopathogenic fungi to reduce the number of ixodid ticks Ixodes ricinus, I. scapularis, Dermacentor variabilis, D. reticulatus and Rhipicephalus sanguineus are presented. A review was made of data on the effectiveness of mycoacaricides used abroad against ixodid ticks, leading to a reduction in the number of ticks by 87–96 % after 3 weeks and by 53–74 % after 5 weeks after treatment. The use of the M. anisopliae F52 strain can become another tool for an integrated approach to the control of ticks in the residential landscape. An integrated method for controlling the number of ixodid ticks is presented, including the use of the entomopathogenic fungus M. anisopliae, the treatment of areas with acaricides, and the feeding of systemic insecticidal baits based on fipronil to rodents, which eliminate the larvae and nymphs of the tick when fed on a host. The experience of limited trials of preparative forms of mycoinsecticides that did not show high efficiency against the taiga tick Ixodes persulcatus in our country is described.
Keywords: ixodid ticks, entomopathogenic fungi, Metarhizium, Beauveria, biopesticides.
Authors
Krivonos Ksenia Sergeevna – PhD in Biological Sciences; Senior Researcher of the Division of disinsection of the Institute of Disinfectology of the Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman of Rospotrebnadzor; Tel.: (495) 332-01-51, e-mail: Адрес электронной почты защищен от спам-ботов. Для просмотра адреса в вашем браузере должен быть включен Javascript.; ORCID ID 0000-0003-4633-6645
Eremina Olga Yurevna – Doctor of Science in Biology; Leading Researcher of the Division of disinsection of the Institute of Disinfectology of the Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman of Rospotrebnadzor. ORCID ID: 0000-0002-8268-2230
Olifer Veronika Valentinovna – PhD in Biological Sciences; Leading Researcher of the Division of disinsection of the Institute of Disinfectology of the Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman of Rospotrebnadzor. ORCID ID: 0000-0002-4736-7905
EPIDEMIOLOGY
pp. 54-57
DOI: 10.35411/2076-457X-2023-2-54-57
Characteristics of endemicity by tick-borne infections (tick-borne encephalitis, ixodic tick-borne borrelioses) in the Ulyanovsk region
A.A. Nafeev1,2, P.G. Vovkotech1
1Centre of Hygiene and Epidemiology in Ulianovsk region": 5 Pushkareva str., Ulianovsk, 432005, Russian Federation;
2Ulianovsk State University, medical faculty: 42 L.Tolstogo st., Ulianovsk, 432017, Russian Federation.
The work presents the results of monitoring the incidence of the population and the lesion of ticks with the tick-borne encephalitis virus, borrelias of ixodic tick-borne borrelioses for 2002–2021. in the administrative territories of the Ulyanovsk region endemic to tick-borne encephalitis. The results of monitoring the number of Ixodes and Dermacentor mites, their species composition and their changes are presented.
Keywords: monitoring, ticks, tick-borne encephalitis, ixodic tick-borne borreliosis, endemicity, Ulyanovsk region.
Authors
Nafeev Aleksandr Anatolevich – Doctor of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor; Head of the Department for Epidemiological Surveillance of Especially Dangerous, Natural Focal Infections and Tuberculosis Prevention of Centre of Hygiene and Epidemiology in Ulianovsk region; Department of Skin and Sexually Transmitted Diseases, medical faculty of Ulyanovsk State University; Tel.: (8422) 40-51-72, e-mail: Адрес электронной почты защищен от спам-ботов. Для просмотра адреса в вашем браузере должен быть включен Javascript.. ORCID ID: 0000-0003-3113-6018
Vovkotech Pavel Grigorevich – Entomologist of the Department of Epidemiological Surveillance of Medical Parasitology, Intestinal Infections and Skin and Sexually Transmitted Diseases of Centre of Hygiene and Epidemiology in Ulianovsk region. ORCID ID: 0000-0001-7125-3206
pp. 57-66
DOI: 10.35411/2076-457X-2023-2-57-66
On the cyclical manifestations of the dynamics of the incidence of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in the Russian Federation
P.A. Mochalkin1,2, A.P. Mochalkin1, L.A. Farvazova3, N.V. Popov4, M.Yu. Devyatkov5
1State Municipal Health Institution "Republican Center of Disinfection": 127/1 Mingazheva st., Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan, 450005, Russian Federation;
2"Bashkir State Medical University" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation: Lenina st., Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan, 450008, Russian Federation;
3Department of Rospotrebnadzor of the Republic of Bashkortostan: 58 R. Zorge st., Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan, 450054, Russian Federation;
4Federal State Scientific Institution Russian Anti-Plague Institute "Microbe" of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumers Rights Protection and Human Well-being: 46 Universitetskaya st., Saratov, 410005, Russian Federation;
5"Perm State Medical University named after Academician E.A. Wagner" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation: 26 Petropavlovskaya st., Perm, Perm Krai, 614990, Russian Federation.
The hypothesis about a 49-year cycle in the incidence of HFRS in the Russian Federation in the period of 1957–2021 is substantiated. It has been established that the identified 49-year HFRS incidence cycle consists of 2 phases: a low incidence phase lasting 20 years (1967–1986) and a high incidence phase lasting approximately 29 years (1987–2016). It is of note that since 2017, there has been another phase of low incidence of HFRS in the Russian Federation, which, presumably, will continue until 2036. The prognostic indicator of the HFRS incidence for 2022 in the Russian Federation, obtained taking into account the current phase of low incidence, was 5.35 ± 1.34 per 100 thousand population, with an actual level of 4.73 per 100 thousand population. A high degree of similarity in the dynamics of the HFRS incidence has been identified for the territory of the Republic of Bashkortostan (r = 0.87), the Republic of Tatarstan (r = 0.88) and the Russian Federation. It is outlined that the identified 20- and 29-year phases of the 49-year HFRS incidence cycle in the Russian Federation are generally determined by the epidemic activity of natural foci of the Puumala virus and coincide in duration with climate change waves in the European part of the Russian Federation.
Keywords: сyclical nature of HFRS incidence, enzootic as regards HFRS territory, the Republic of Bashkortostan, epidemiological forecast, climate change.
Authors
Mochalkin Pavel Aleksandrovich – Candidate of Medical Sciences, Chief Medical Officer of the Republican Center of Disinfection; Head of the Department of Hygiene with a course in medical and preventive affairs of the Institute of Further Professional Education of the Bashkir State Medical University; Tel.: (347) 273-83-27, e-mail: Адрес электронной почты защищен от спам-ботов. Для просмотра адреса в вашем браузере должен быть включен Javascript.; ORCID ID: 0000-0001-7415-1299
Mochalkin Aleksandr Pavlovich
Farvazova Lira Amirovna – Deputy Head of the Department of Epidemiological Surveillance and Sanitary Protection of the Territory of the Department of Rospotrebnadzor of the Republic of Bashkortostan. ORCID ID: 0000-0002-9232-3039
Popov Nikolay Vladimirovich – Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor, Chief Researcher, Department of Epidemiology of the FSSI "Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute "Microbe" of the Rospotrebnadzor. ORCID ID: 0000-0003-4099-9261
Devyatkov Mikhail Yurevich – PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Hygiene of the Perm State Medical University named after Academician E.A. Wagner. ORCID: 0000-0001-8985-6822
INFORMATION
pp. 66-68
Congress with international participation "Molecular Diagnostics and Biosecurity - 2023"
Life of National Organization of Disinfectionists (NOD)
p. 68
Congratulation new members of NOD