DISINFECTION

pp. 5-14
DOI: 10.35411/2076-457X-2025-1-5-14

Application of microwave units for disinfecting medical waste contaminated with pathogenic biological agents

A.D. Belousov, M.M. Chalbushev, S.V. Astafeva

Russian Anti-Plague Institute "Microbe" of Rospotrebnadzor: Russian Federation, 410005, Saratov, Universitetskaya st., 46.

The article considers the technology of medical waste microwave disinfection and models of domestic and foreign installations. Medical waste is a heterogeneous mixture of objects. There are objects that do not absorb microwave energy and therefore are not capable of heating. Metal objects are heated due to conduction currents. To average the effect of temperature on the entire mass of waste and to increase the efficiency of disinfection, water or a water-containing liquid is poured into a sealed container with waste. The design of some installations uses devices to improve the uniformity of heating. The installations operate on the principle of volumetric heating at a frequency of 2450 MHz. Thermal effects have a bactericidal impact, thus microwave radiation is included in SanPiN 3.3686-21 in the list of permitted physical methods of disinfection. Non-thermal effects of microwave exposure have not yet found practical application for the purposes of disinfecting medical waste. When operating microwave installations, it is necessary to comply with biological safety requirements and standards for working with sources of electromagnetic fields, regulating the maximum permissible values of energy flux density in workplaces and the timing of monitoring.
Keywords: microwave disinfection units, microwave disinfection, medical waste, microwave heating, bactericidal action of microwave heating, microwave control in the workplace.

Authors
Belousov Aleksey Dmitrievich – Candidate of Biological Sciences, Research officer at the Department of Nutrient Media, Federal State Scientific Institution "Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute "Microbe" of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumers’ Rights Protection and Human Well-being; Еel.: (8452) 51-54-46, e-mail: Адрес электронной почты защищен от спам-ботов. Для просмотра адреса в вашем браузере должен быть включен Javascript.. ORCID ID: 0000-0002-1827-4881
Chalbushev Mikhail Mikhailovich – Junior Research officer at the Department of Nutrient Media, Federal State Scientific Institution "Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute "Microbe" of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumers’ Rights Protection and Human Well-being. ORCID ID: 0009-0009-8230-0608
Astafeva Svetlana Vasilevna – Junior Research officer at the Department of Nutrient Media, Federal State Scientific Institution "Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute "Microbe" of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumers’ Rights Protection and Human Well-being. ORCID ID: 0009-0000-5087-9074

pp. 15-26
DOI: 10.35411/2076-457X-2025-1-15-26

Study of hydrogen peroxide decomposition dynamics at combined method of water disinfection (Part 1)

A.S. Morozov, G.P. Pankratova, Z.K. Shaykhutdinova

Institute of Disinfectology of the Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing: 117246, Russian Federation, Moscow, Nauchniy proezd, 18a.

The search for effective, safe ways to disinfect swimming pool water is an urgent task. One of the most effective is the combination of chemical and physical methods of disinfection. Among the chemicals, hydrogen peroxide is characterized by safety and environmental friendliness. The combination of hydrogen peroxide and ultraviolet radiation allows not only to destroy the microorganisms contained in the water, but also to neutralize various chemical compounds. However, its widespread use is limited by a high effective concentration significantly exceeding the MPC. The aim of the study was to evaluate the dynamics of decomposition of hydrogen peroxide in water under the influence of ultraviolet radiation. As a result of the research, it was found that for the complete decomposition of 1 liter of 0.1 % PV solution by immersion of a UV radiation source, it takes 6 hours for a solution prepared with distilled water and 8 hours for tap water. The decomposition rate constants were 0.178 h^-1 and 0.134 h^-1, respectively. For effective use of the combined method of disinfection of water in swimming pools and subsequent neutralization of the residual amount of PV in the water to safe values, it is necessary to use more powerful sources of UV radiation. This technology may be in demand if there are resistant forms of microorganisms and persistent chemical contaminants in the water.
Keywords: water, combined disinfection method, hydrogen peroxide, maximum permissible concentration, ultraviolet radiation, photolysis, energy illumination.

Authors
Morozov Aleksandr Sergeevich – PhD in technical sciences, Senior Researcher of the Department of Toxicology in Disinfectology Institute of the Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman of Rospotrebnadzor; Tel.: (495) 582-92-40; e-mail: Адрес электронной почты защищен от спам-ботов. Для просмотра адреса в вашем браузере должен быть включен Javascript.. ORCID ID: 0009-0007-1852-5488
Pankratova Galina Pavlovna – PhD in medical sciences, Leading Researcher of the Department of Toxicology in Disinfectology Institute of the Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman of Rospotrebnadzor. ORCID ID: 0000-0003-2471-7906
Shaykhutdinova Zukhra Kamilovna – Junior Researcher at the Department of Toxicology in Disinfectology Institute of the Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman of Rospotrebnadzor. ORCID ID: 0000-0002-6364-9603

DISINSECTION

pp. 26-33
DOI: 10.35411/2076-457X-2025-1-26-33

Overview of personal and collective protective equipment against ixodid ticks

E.V. Ushakova, O.M. Germant

Institute of Disinfectology of the Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing: 117246, Russian Federation, Moscow, Nauchniy proezd, 18a.

The present review is devoted to the analysis of the assortment of collective and personal protective equipment used for nonspecific prophylaxis of infections transmitted by ixodid ticks. The review encompasses a comprehensive analysis of the array of insectacaricidal treatments intended for application in natural biotopes, along with insectacaricidal, repellent, and insectacaricidal-repellent treatments for clothing treatment. These treatments are included in the Register of State Registration Certificates as of the 4th quarter of 2024 (http://fp.crc.ru/evrazes/?type=max). The analysis also encompasses special protective clothing. The analysis revealed the most prevalent active ingredients in insectacaricidal and repellent products.
Keywords: ixodid ticks, nonspecific prevention, individual protection, collective protection, protective clothing, repellents, insectoacaricides.

Authors
Ushakova Elena Vladimirovna – Junior Researcher of the Division of disinsection (with laboratory of entomology) of the Institute of Disinfectology of the Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman of the Rospotrebnadzor; служебн. тел.: (495) 586-11-44 (ext. 1441), e-mail: Адрес электронной почты защищен от спам-ботов. Для просмотра адреса в вашем браузере должен быть включен Javascript.. ORCID ID: 0000-0003-0128-3447
Germant Olga Mikhaylovna – Senior Researcher of the Division of disinsection (with laboratory of entomology) of the Institute of Disinfectology of the Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman of the Rospotrebnadzor. ORCID ID: 0000-0002-4145-6234

pp. 33-41
DOI: 10.35411/2076-457X-2025-1-33-41

Contact insecticidal activity of anthranilamides for the germancockroach

V.V. Olifer, O.Yu. Eremina

Institute of Disinfectology of the Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing: 117246, Russian Federation, Moscow, Nauchniy proezd, 18a.

The contact insecticidal properties of two compounds from the diamide group (chlorantraniliprole and cyantraniliprole) has been studied for the German cockroach Blattella germanica male. Topical application of acetone solutions of anthranilamide technical products to the German cockroach resulted in high insecticidal activity of both substances. The toxicity of cyantraniliprole is approximately 2 times higher than that of chlorantraniliprole. The susceptibility of all studied multiresistant cultures of the German cockroach is reduced within the limits of average tolerance – to chlorantraniliprole from 1.8× to 6.0×, to cyantraniliprole — within 2.7–6.4×. The susceptibility of cockroaches to aqueous emulsions of 5 % EC cyantraniliprole was closest to the susceptibility of cockroaches to acetone solutions. On treated surfaces, the residual effect of chlorantraniliprole is weak on both glass and plywood, and cyantraniliprole causes death of 100 % cockroaches only on glass. Due to the low tolerance of multi-resistant German cockroaches to anthranilamides found, these insecticides may be useful in an integrated control system.
Keywords: diamides, anthranilamides, chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole, German cockroach, insecticide resistance.

Authors
Olifer VeronikaValentinovna – PhD in Biological Sciences; Leading Researcher of the Division of disinsection (with laboratory of entomology) of the Institute of Disinfectology of the Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing. e-mail: Адрес электронной почты защищен от спам-ботов. Для просмотра адреса в вашем браузере должен быть включен Javascript.. ORCID ID: 0000-0002-4736-7905
Eremina Olga Yurevna – Doctor of Science in Biology; Leading Researcher of the Division of disinsection (with laboratory of entomology) of the Institute of Disinfectology of the Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing. ORCID ID: 0000-0002-8268-2230

pp. 41-49
DOI: 10.35411/2076-457X-2025-1-41-49

Modern distribution of bed bugs in Europe and the Russian Federation and recommended control measures in view of insecticide resistance problem

S.A. Roslavtseva¹, M.A. Alekseev^1,2

¹Institute of Disinfectology of the Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing: 117246, Russian Federation, Moscow, Nauchniy proezd, 18a;
²Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education of the Russian Ministry of Health: 125993, Russian Federation, Moscow, Barrikadnaya st., 1, build 2/1.

The current situation with the spread of bed bugs in Europe and the Russian Federation is characterized. Measures to control bed bugs are considered, taking into account the multi-resistance of these insect populations to insecticides.
Keywords: increasing number of bed bugs, Cimex lectularius, Cimex hemipterus, insecticide resistance, control measures, diatomaceous earth.

Authors
Roslavtseva Svetlana Aleksandrovna – Doctor of Biological Sciences, chief researcher of the Disinsection Division (with laboratory of entomology), Institute of Disinfectology of the Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman of the Rospotrebnadzor; e-mail: Адрес электронной почты защищен от спам-ботов. Для просмотра адреса в вашем браузере должен быть включен Javascript.; ORCID ID: 0000-0003-1684-2029
Alekseev Mikhail Anatolevich – PhD in Biological Sciences, leading researcher of the Disinsection Division (with laboratory of entomology), Institute of Disinfectology of the Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman of the Rospotrebnadzor; associate professor of the Department of Epidemiology and Disinfectology, Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education of the Russian Ministry of Health. ORCID ID: 0000-0001-7562-1782

pp. 49-56
DOI: 10.35411/2076-457X-2025-1-49-56

Piperonyl butoxide and its use for practical and scientific purposes

O.Yu. Eremina, V.V. Olifer

Institute of Disinfectology of the Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing: 117246, Russian Federation, Moscow, Nauchniy proezd, 18a

Piperonyl butoxide (PBO) used worldwide as a synergist for pyrethroids because it inhibits monooxygenases, the enzyme systems of arthropods that detoxify insecticides. The introduction of PBO into the formulation is most popular for insecticides in aerosol packaging, however, PBO often included in other formulations. The effectiveness of using synergists depends on their content in the product  – the more synergist in the mixture, the more pronounced the insecticidal effect. Synergists often proposed as a tool for controlling resistant insects, but arthropods have been shown to very quickly acquire resistance to synergized pyrethroids. The antagonism of PBO with proinsecticides (chlorfenapyr, fipronil, chlorpyrifos, pirimiphos-methyl) has been shown. PBO used for scientific purposes to study the mechanisms of resistance of arthropods as an inhibitor of cytochrome P450 monooxygenases. To ensure the continued effectiveness of synanthropic insect control measures, it is critical to develop and implement appropriate insecticide resistance management strategies that include a long-term risk assessment of synergists.
Keywords: synergists, piperonyl butoxide, insecticide resistance.

Authors
Eremina Olga Yurevna – Doctor of Science in Biology; Leading Researcher of the Division of disinsection (with laboratory of entomology) of the Institute of Disinfectology of the Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman; Tel.: (495) 586-11-44 (ext. 1440), e-mail: Адрес электронной почты защищен от спам-ботов. Для просмотра адреса в вашем браузере должен быть включен Javascript.. ORCID ID: 0000-0002-8268-2230
Olifer Veronika Valentinovna – Candidate of Science in Biology; Leading Researcher of the Division of disinsection (with laboratory of entomology) of the Institute of Disinfectology of the Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman. ORCID ID: 0000-0002-4736-7905

EPIDEMIOLOGY

pp. 57-66
DOI: 10.35411/2076-457X-2025-1-57-66

Evaluation of the results of routine microbiological monitoring of the hospital environment of a cardiac surgical hospital in comparison with the incidence of patients with purulent-septic infections

V.I. Sergevnin¹ , L.G. Kudryavtseva², О.G. Pegyshina², A.E. Mokrushina¹

¹Perm State Medical University named after Аcademician E.A. Wagner: Russian Federation, 614990, Perm, Petropavlovskaya st., 26;
²Federal Centre for Cardiovascular Surgery named after S.G. Sukhanov: Russian Federation, 614013, Perm, Zhukova st., 35.

There is no convincing evidence in the scientific literature of the association of the incidence of nosocomial purulent-septic infections (HSI) with the results of routine microbiological studies of flushes and hospital air. The aim of the work is to determine the relationship between microbial contamination of the hospital environment, identified by the results of routine monitoring, and the incidence of HSI in patients of a cardiac surgical hospital. The results of a bacteriological study of 3331 rinses from environmental objects and 461 air samples from a cardiac surgical hospital for 2019–2023 are summarized. Based on the materials of 26 549 case histories using standard case definitions, the true incidence of HSI in hospital patients over the same time period was revealed. A direct statistically significant relationship has been established between the total number of microorganisms in 1 m³ of air in class A and B rooms of a cardiac surgical hospital and the incidence of infections in the surgical area.
Keywords: cardiac surgery hospital, flushing of objects, air samples, microbiological examination, purulent-septic infections, morbidity.

Authors
Viktor I. Sergevnin – Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor at Dept of Epidemiology Perm State Medical University named after acad. E.A. Wagner; Tel.: (912) 592-91-40; e-mail: Адрес электронной почты защищен от спам-ботов. Для просмотра адреса в вашем браузере должен быть включен Javascript.. ORCID ID: 0000-0002-2729-2248
Larisa G. Kudryavtseva – Candidate of Medicine, Head of the Epidemiological Department – Epidemiologist of Federal Centre for Cardiovascular Surgery n. a. S.G. Sukhanov. ORCID ID: 0000-0002-2707-0768
Оlga G. Pegyshina – Bacteriologist Of Cardiovascular Surgery Federal Center named after S.G. Sukhanov"
Anna E. Mokrushina – Student of the Faculty of Clinical Psychology, Medical-Preventive and Nursing Sciences at Perm State Medical University named after acad. E.A. Wagner

INFORMATION

p. 66-67

List of materials published in journal "Disinfection Affairs" in 2024