DISINfECTION
pp. 5-15
DOI: 10.35411/2076-457X-2026-2-5-15
Photocatalytic oxidation as a method of air disinfectation prospects for application and new approaches to preventing airborne infections
F.A. Mukabenov, Yu.A.Zakharova
Institute of Disinfectology of the Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing: 117246, Russian Federation, Moscow, Nauchniy proezd, 18a.
This scientific review analyzes current domestic and international literature on the application of photocatalytic oxidation (PCO) technology for indoor air disinfection aimed at preventing airborne infections. The review examines the physicochemical principles of the method, mechanisms of inactivation of relevant respiratory pathogens, factors affecting process efficiency, and hygienic safety aspects. Particular attention is given to the prospects of integrating PCO into comprehensive infection prevention measures in healthcare facilities, educational institutions, and public venues with high occupancy. Novel approaches to enhancing the efficiency of photocatalytic systems are discussed, including the development of visible-light-active catalysts and combined disinfection technologies. Despite the demonstrated effectiveness of this method in experimental models, further field studies under real-world operating conditions are required to substantiate its widespread implementation in practice.
Keywords: photocatalytic oxidation, air disinfection, airborne infections, titanium dioxide, bioaerosols, indoor air quality, and prevention of infectious diseases.
Authors
Fedor А. Mukabenov – Researcher, department of disinfection and sterilization, Institute of Disinfectology of the Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman; e-mail: Адрес электронной почты защищен от спам-ботов. Для просмотра адреса в вашем браузере должен быть включен Javascript.. ORCID: 0000-0002-5631-0775
Yulia A. Zakharova – Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Scientific Supervisor Institute of Disinfectology of the Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman. ORCID ID: 0000-0003-3416-0902
DISINSECTION
pp. 15-26
DOI: 10.35411/2076-457X-2026-2-15-26
New groups of insecticides: mechanism of action and prospects for use in medical disinfection. Literature Review 2020–2025. Message 2
O.Yu. Eremina, V.V. Olifer
Institute of Disinfectology of the Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman of Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing: 117246, Russian Federation, Moscow, Nauchniy proezd, 18a.
Due to the development of insecticide resistance in synanthropic insects and vectors of human and animal pathogens, it is necessary to introduce new insecticides into rotation regimens. This review examines the feasibility and potential for the use of insecticides belonging to different groups based on their mechanism of action in medical pest control: 28 "Ryanodine receptor modulators", 29 "Chordotinal organ nicotinamidase inhibitors", and 30 "Allosteric modulators of GABA-dependent chloride channels". The following compounds are of interest: the diamides cyantraniliprole and chlorantraniliprole (Group 28), fluralaner and other isoxazolines (Group 30), and the meta-diamide broflanilide. The diamides meet all necessary hygienic standards and are effective against synanthropic insects. Fluralaner and other isoxazolines are used on warm-blooded animals and are highly effective against cockroaches and flies. Broflanilide is used in many countries worldwide for medical disinfestation. Involving these groups of insecticides in rotation schemes will contribute to overcoming the resistance of synanthropic insects to insecticides.
Keywords: resistance, rotation, new insecticides, medical disinfestation, diamides, isoxazolines, meta-diamides.
Authors
Eremina Olga Yurevna – Doctor of Science in Biology; Leading Researcher of the Division of disinsection (with laboratory of entomology) of the Institute of Disinfectology of the Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman; Tel.: (495) 586-11-44 (ext. 1440), e-mail: Адрес электронной почты защищен от спам-ботов. Для просмотра адреса в вашем браузере должен быть включен Javascript.. ORCID ID: 0000-0002-8268-2230
Olifer Veronika Valentinovna – Candidate of Science in Biology; Leading Researcher of the Division of disinsection (with laboratory of entomology) of the Institute of Disinfectology of the Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman. ORCID ID: 0000-0002-4736-7905
DERATIZATION
pp. 27-38
DOI: 10.35411/2076-457X-2026-2-27-38
New tools in the technology of rodent control
V.Yu. Komarov1,2, Yu.V. Demina1,2, S.V. Andreev1,2, A.I. Gavrikova3, Sh.M. Ismailov1,2, E.E. Khirazova1, I.S. Gevorkyan1, A.I. Sitnikova4, D.I. Kurashova4, A.A. Kozlov4
1Institute of Disinfectology of the Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing: 117246, Russian Federation, Moscow, Nauchniy proezd, 18a;
2FGBOU DPO "Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education": 125993, Russian Federation, Moscow, Barrikadnaya str., 2/1, building 1;
3Pskov State University: 180000, Russian Federation, Pskov, Lenin Square, 2;
4Russian Biotechnological University (ROSBIOTECH): 125080, Russian Federation, Moscow, 11 Volokolamsk Highway.
The article provides a description of the use of new tools for rodent control. The characteristics of the tools are given of a developed device for placing rodenticide bait and monitoring its consumption by rodents during deratization at sites inside closed premises, zones, spaces and communications, access to which is closed to unauthorized persons, animals and birds. The grate-type device for placing rodenticides consists of a supporting frame and a holding frame with grated surfaces, between which are located feeders secured to the supporting frame with support elements. An additional element in the device’s design is a special dome designed to cover the structure from above, ensuring the safety of the bait. An additional element in the device’s design is a special dome designed to cover the structure from above, ensuring the safety of the bait. Disposable plastic plates or cardboard trays with sides can serve as feeders. The device is easy to use and allows for visual monitoring of bait consumption by rodents. The device’s design eliminates the need to remove the feeder to assess the remaining bait and refill it. Furthermore, the device allows for the evaluation of several types of rodenticide baits with different attractants and the identification of the most preferred bait. The use of a device for placing rodenticide bait trays is highly practical, as it ensures the safety of the bait in the feeder, controls its consumption by rodents, and prevents contamination of surfaces with rodenticides.
Keywords: deratization, deratization treatment, rodenticide agent, rodents, house mice, brown rat.
Authors
Vladimir Yu. Komarov – PhD, Associate Professor, Head of the Department, Leading Researcher at the Department of Deratization of the Institute of Disinfection of the Federal State Budgetary Institution "Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman" of Rospotrebnadzor; e-mail: Адрес электронной почты защищен от спам-ботов. Для просмотра адреса в вашем браузере должен быть включен Javascript.. ORCID ID: 0000-0002-1715-3199
Yulia V. Demina – MD, Associate Professor, Director of the Institute of Disinfection of the Federal State Budgetary Institution "Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman" of Rospotrebnadzor; Head of the Department of Epidemiology and Disinfection of the Russian Ministry of Health. ORCID ID: 0000-0003-0538-1992.
Sergey V. Andreev – PhD, Deputy Director of the Institute of Disinfection of the Federal State Budgetary Institution "Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman" of Rospotrebnadzor. ORCID ID: 0000-0003-2405-9931
Alevtina I. Gavrikova – Student at the Institute of Medicine and Experimental Biology, Pskov State University
Shamil M. Ismailov – Specialist in the Department of deratization (with a laboratory for the study of rodents) Institute of Disinfection of the Federal State Budgetary Institution "Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman" of Rospotrebnadzor
Elizaveta E. Khirazova – PhD, Leading Researcher at the Department of Deratization (with the Laboratory for the study of rodents) Institute of Disinfection of the Federal State Budgetary Institution "Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman" of Rospotrebnadzor. ORCID ID: 0009-0002-8860-4652
Irina S. Gevorkyan – Researcher at the Department of Deratization (with the Laboratory of Rodent Studies) Institute of Disinfection of the Federal State Budgetary Institution "Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman" of Rospotrebnadzor. ORCID ID: 0000-0001-9350-9372
Anastasia I. Sitnikova – Student at the Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary and Sanitary Expertise and Agribusiness of the Russian Biotechnological University. ORCID ID: 0009-0001-2959-9454
Daria I. Kurashova – Student at the Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary and Sanitary Expertise and Agribusiness of the Russian Biotechnological University. ORCID ID: 0009-0004-8371-6625
Alexander A. Kozlov – Student at the Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary and Sanitary Expertise and Agribusiness of the Russian Biotechnological University
EPIDEMIOLOGY
pp. 39-50
DOI: 10.35411/2076-457X-2026-2-39-50
Epidemiological surveillance of nosocomial purulent-septic infections in a cardiac surgery hospital
V.I. Sergevnin1, L.G. Kudryavtseva2, E.V. Gorelikova1
1Perm State Medical University n. a. Аcademician E.A. Wagner: Russian Federation, 614990, Perm, Petropavlovskaya st., 26;
2Federal Centre for Cardiovascular Surgery n. a. S.G. Sukhanov: Russian Federation, 614013, Perm, Zhukova st., 35.
Cardiac surgical interventions are often accompanied by the occurrence of nosocomial purulent-septic infections (HSI), which dictates the need to optimize epidemiological surveillance. The purpose of the work is to develop a scheme and program for epidemiological surveillance of nosocomial GSI in a cardiac surgery hospital. The results of our own research, published in the open press, and data from the scientific literature are used. The importance of accounting for and analyzing the detection of cases of pre-nosological forms of HSI (infections of the surgical area, pneumonia, bloodstream infections, urinary tract infections) in the interests of epidemiological diagnosis is shown. The necessity of microbiological monitoring is substantiated in order to assess the breadth of circulation of HSI pathogens among patients, staff, and hospital facilities and to study their properties in order to find epidemiological links between HSI cases, identify hospital strains, and evaluate the quality of disinfection measures. The assessment of the resistance of the leading cardiosurgery K. pneumoniaе to antibacterial drugs has been carried out. It is proposed to identify hypervirulent variants of K. pneumoniaе by the molecular genetic method. The feasibility of studying the resistance of microorganisms to disinfectants, which are most widely used in the hospital, is shown. A relationship was revealed between the indicators of the total microbial number of air samples from Class A rooms (operating rooms, postoperative wards, intensive care wards) and the incidence of infection in the surgical area. The necessity of analyzing the risks of GSI depending on the type and duration of open and closed heart surgeries and the length of stay of patients in the department of anesthesiology and intensive care is demonstrated. It has been shown that the incidence of HSI among children undergoing heart surgery is higher than in adults. It has been proven that adult patients undergoing aortic surgery are more likely to develop pneumonia and urinary tract infections than patients after prosthetic heart valves and coronary artery bypass grafting. The epidemiological significance of artificial lung ventilation as the main risk factor for nosocomial pneumonia in cardiac surgery has been confirmed. The list of the main endogenous (related to the patient’s condition) and exogenous prerequisites for complications of the epidemiological situation of HSI in cardiac surgery is presented. The main precursors of the complication of the epidemiological situation in the GSI have been identified. In order to identify the activation of the epidemic process of nosocomial GSI, it is proposed to calculate the morbidity rate based on the median monthly indicators of the previous multi-year period. The results of calculating the economic damage caused by the case of leading GSI (infection of the surgical area, nosocomial pneumonia) in patients after open-heart surgery are presented, which can be used in the process of evaluating the economic effectiveness of anti-epidemic measures. The proposed schemes and the program of epidemiological surveillance of nosocomial GPS can be recommended for implementation in cardiac surgical hospitals to increase the epidemiological safety of patients.
Keywords: cardiac surgical hospital, purulent-septic infections, epidemiological surveillance.
Authors
Viktor I. Sergevnin – Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor at Dept of Epidemiology Perm State Medical University named after acad. E.A. Wagner; Tel.: (912) 592–91–40; e-mail: Адрес электронной почты защищен от спам-ботов. Для просмотра адреса в вашем браузере должен быть включен Javascript.. ORCID ID: 0000-0002-2729-2248
Larisa G. Kudryavtseva – Candidate of Medicine, Head of the Epidemiological Department – Epidemiologist of Federal Centre for Cardiovascular Surgery n. a. S.G. Sukhanov. ORCID ID: 0000-0002-2707-0768
Ekaterina V. Gorelikova – PhD Med, Associate Professor Department of Epidemiology of Epidemiology Perm State Medical University named after acad. E.A. Wagner. ORCID ID: 0000-0002-7827-4488
pp. 50-61
DOI: 10.35411/2076-457X-2026-2-50-61
Analysis of the main methods for determining airborne contamination with multidrug-resistant mycobacteria
A.V. Alimov, O.N. Kasyanova, Yu.S. Bakulin, I.A. Valiulin, M.S. Sirik
Branch of 48 Central Research Institute of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation (Yekaterinburg): 620085, Yekaterinburg, Zvezdnaya St., 1.
An analysis of the main methods for determining the airborne contamination of primises and structures with Mycobacterium tuberculosis is conducted, and several domestic and foreign samples of sampling devices are presented. The main areas of development in methods for collecting mycobacterium-containing bioaerosol samples are the search for technical solutions that improve sampling efficiency to obtain high bioaerosol concentrations in small volumes of sorbent liquid, as well as methods for reducing the loss of viable mecobacteria.
Keywords: tuberculosis, bio aerosol, collecting samples, contamination, aspiration, sampling devices.
Authors
Alimov Alexander V. – DM Sci (habil.), Honored Doctor of the Russian Federation, Leading Researcher of Branch of 48 Central Research Institute of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation; e-mail: 47 Адрес электронной почты защищен от спам-ботов. Для просмотра адреса в вашем браузере должен быть включен Javascript.
Kasyanova Olga N. – PhD Med, Head of the Research Department of Branch of 48 Central Research Institute of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation
Bakulin Yuriy S. – PhD Tech, Superior Researcher of Branch of 48 Central Research Institute of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation
Valiulin Ilya A. – PhD Bio, Superior Researcher of Branch of 48 Central Research Institute of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation
Sirik Mikhail S. – PhD Tech, Head of Research Department of Branch of 48 Central Research Institute of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation
pp. 62-69
DOI: 10.35411/2076-457X-2026-2-62-69
Modern epidemiological situation for especially dangerous infections in the Kyrgyz Republic
S.T. Abdikarimov, V.S. Toygombaeva, G.A. Minbaeva, Zh.T. Omorova, E.S. Maynazarova
I.K. Akhunbaev Kyrgyz State Medical Academy: 92 I. Akhunbaeva Street, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic, 720020.
The plague still poses a serious danger to the population of the Kyrgyz Republic, due to the presence of active natural foci located both within the country and in neighboring states of Central Asia. The aim of the study is to analyze the characteristics of the epidemic and epizootic processes of plague, anthrax, and rabies in the territory of the republic. The results of a retrospective analysis of the epidemiological and epizootological situation regarding plague, anthrax, and rabies in the Kyrgyz Republic for 2016–2025 are presented. It was found that three natural foci of plague operate in the territory of the republic – the Tien Shan, Alay, and Talas foci, with a total area exceeding 32,000 km², which accounts for 16.3 % of the country’s territory (95 % CI: 15.8–16.8). The implementation of anti-epizootic measures was accompanied by a decrease in the detection of plague pathogen cultures from 667–838 to 16–39 cases (p < 0.001). As of 01.01.2025, 1,260 soil foci of anthrax have been registered. During the period 2020–2025, 81 cases of human disease were identified, of which 86.3 % (95 % CI: 76.8–92.4) were registered in the southern regions of the republic. Among the infected, men predominated – 75.3 % (95 % CI: 64.6–83.5) and people of working age 20–49 years – 63.0 % (95 % CI: 52.1–72.7). The epizootic situation regarding rabies remains tense due to the high number of wild and stray animals. The obtained data indicate the continued high epidemiological significance of natural focal particularly dangerous infections in the Kyrgyz Republic and justify the need for further improvement of the epidemiological and veterinary surveillance system, strengthening interdepartmental interaction, and conducting comprehensive preventive measures.
Keywords: plague; anthrax; rabies; natural-focal infections; epidemiology; Kyrgyzstan; epizootiological monitoring.
Authors
Abdikarimov Sabirzhan Toktosunovich – Acting Professor of the Department of General and Clinical Epidemiology of the Kyrgyz State Medical Academy named after I.K. Akhunbayev; e-mail: Адрес электронной почты защищен от спам-ботов. Для просмотра адреса в вашем браузере должен быть включен Javascript.. ORCID ID: 0009-0003-5305-7844
Toygombaeva Vera Sadvakasovna – Professor of the Department of General and Clinical Epidemiology of the Kyrgyz State Medical Academy named after I.K. Akhunbaev. ORCID ID: 0000-0001-8222-9834
Omorova Zhainagil Turganbaevna – Acting Associate Professor of the Department of General and Clinical Epidemiology of the Kyrgyz State Medical Academy named after I.K. Akhunbaev. ORCID ID: 0009-0009-6982-4394
Minbaeva Gulnara Asankarievna – PhD, Teacher of the Department of General and Clinical Epidemiology of the Kyrgyz State Medical Academy named after I.K. Akhunbaev. ORCID ID: 0009-0009-7803-516X
Mainazarova Elmira Sydykovna – Associate Professor of the Department of General and Clinical Epidemiology of the Kyrgyz State Medical Academy named after I.K. Akhunbaev. ORCID ID: 0000-0003-4397-8431
OUR CONGRATULATIONS
p. 70
L.G. Panteleeva (to her 80th anniversary)